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NewsDecode | Health & Governance | Mains Paper 2: Issues Relating to Development and Management of Social Sector/Services in Health
For Students:
From a UPSC perspective, focus on India’s healthcare challenges, government initiatives in TB elimination, and the public health policy approach.
Why in the News?
A recent report reveals that India is likely to miss its target to eliminate tuberculosis (TB) by 2025. The target, part of the National Strategic Plan for TB Elimination (2017-2025), was set to achieve a TB-free India five years ahead of the UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) timeline of 2030. This setback underscores the challenges in addressing public health crises within India’s healthcare system.
Challenges to TB Elimination in India
High Burden of TB: India has the highest TB burden in the world, accounting for over 25% of global TB cases. High population density, socioeconomic disparities, and limited healthcare accessibility contribute to the endemic nature of TB in the country.
Drug-Resistant TB (DR-TB): The rise in multi-drug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB is a major challenge. Treating these resistant strains requires longer and more complex treatment regimens, increasing the cost and strain on healthcare resources.
Underreporting and Diagnostic Gaps: Many cases go undiagnosed or unreported, especially in rural and underserved areas. Lack of access to diagnostic tools and delays in testing hinder timely intervention, worsening TB transmission and mortality rates.
Stigma and Awareness: Social stigma around TB prevents many patients from seeking timely treatment, and there is often a lack of awareness about symptoms, free treatment options, and the importance of adherence to the treatment regimen.